Cataract: A clouding in the lens making it difficult to see.

Glaucoma: A disease process that damages the optic nerve and leads to blindness.

Diabetic Retinopathy: A result of diabetes mellitus causing retinal bleeding which may lead to blindness.

Dry Eye: Insufficient moisture in the eye causing excessive tearing and discomfort.

Myopia: Nearsightedness.

Hyperopia: Farsightedness.

Astigmatism: Blurry vision at both distance and near.

Amblyopia: Medical term for eye with poor visual acuity with no apparent pathologic condition.

Presbyopia: Poor vision at near, due to loss of accommodation from aging.